本文是学习GB-T 14846-2014 铝及铝合金挤压型材尺寸偏差. 而整理的学习笔记,分享出来希望更多人受益,如果存在侵权请及时联系我们
本标准规定了铝及铝合金挤压型材的尺寸偏差(包括横截面尺寸偏差、曲面间隙、平面间隙、弯曲
度、扭拧度、切斜度、长度偏差)要求及其检测方法。
本标准适用于铝及铝合金挤压型材。
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
2.1
外接圆 circumscribing circle
能够将型材横截面完全包围的最小的圆,如图1所示。
style="width:3.50004in;height:3.43332in" />
图 1
铝及铝合金挤压型材按成分分为两类,见表1。
表 1 型材类别
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GB/T 14846—2014
表 1 ( 续 )
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型材的尺寸偏差等级见表2。
表 2 型材尺寸偏差等级
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4.1.1.1 壁厚尺寸分为 A、B 、C 三组,如图2所示。
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:8.40679in;height:4.98014in" />
翅壁壁厚;
封闭空腔周壁壁厚;
两个封闭空腔间的隔断壁厚;
非壁厚尺寸;
对开口部位的H 尺寸偏差有重要影响的基准尺寸。
图 2
I
类型材的壁厚尺寸偏差应符合表3的规定。需要高精级或超高精级时,应在订货单(或合
同)中注明,且将偏差值标注在图样上,未注明时按普通级供货。
表 3 I 类型材的壁厚尺寸允许偏差
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GB/T 14846—2014
表3(续)
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4.1.1.3
Ⅱ类型材的壁厚尺寸偏差应符合表4的规定。需要高精级或超高精级时,应在订货单(或合
同)中注明,且将偏差值标注在图样上,未注明时按普通级供货。
GB/T 14846—2014
表 4 Ⅱ类型材的壁厚尺寸允许偏差
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GB/T 14846—2014
4.1.2.1 非 壁 厚 尺 寸 ( 如 图 3 ~ 图 1 4 所 示
型 材 的 H、H₁ 、H₂), 按其包含的实体金属百分比,划分为两
组:实体金属部分不小于75%(简称实体不小于75%)的尺寸和实体金属部分小于75%(简称实体小于
75%)的尺寸。
style="width:3.18663in;height:2.78652in" />
图 3
style="width:4.16005in;height:1.37324in" />
图 4
style="width:2.75994in;height:2.57994in" />
图 5
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:3.9401in;height:2.64in" />
图 6
style="width:2.8932in;height:2.47324in" />
图 图
7
/
style="width:3.49327in;height:3.94658in" />
图 8
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:3.67342in;height:4.04008in" />
图 9
style="width:2.87999in;height:2.91346in" />
图 1 0
style="width:2.66664in;height:2.90004in" />
图 1 1
8
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:3.77332in;height:2.2066in" />
图 1 2
style="width:3.9733in;height:1.9866in" />
图 1 3
style="width:4.09334in;height:2.27326in" />
图 1 4
4.1.2.2
非壁厚尺寸偏差分为普通级、高精级和超高精级,见表5~表10。需要高精级或超高精级时,
应在订货单(或合同)中注明,且将偏差值标注在图样上,未注明时按普通级供货。
4.1.2.3 I
类型材的非壁厚尺寸偏差普通级、高精级、超高精级要求见表5~表7。
4.1.2.4
Ⅱ类型材的非壁厚尺寸偏差普通级、高精级、超高精级要求见表8~表10。
style="width:0.2134in;height:0.17999in" /> 表 5 I
类型材非壁厚尺寸 H 的普通级允许偏差 单位为毫米
style="width:0.37962in;height:0.62246in" />
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表5(续)
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二
style="width:0.21318in;height:0.17322in" /> 表5(续) 单位为毫米
style="width:0.38628in;height:0.62071in" />
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表 6 I 类型材非壁厚尺寸 H 的高精级允许偏差
单位为毫米
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表 6 ( 续 )
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表6(续)
年
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表 7 I 类型材非壁厚尺寸(H) 的超高精级允许偏差
单位为毫米
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style="width:0.21318in;height:0.17999in" /> 表7(续) 单位为毫米
style="width:0.37296in;height:0.62426in" />
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表7(续)
单位为毫米
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5 栏 |
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表 8 Ⅱ类型材非壁厚尺寸 H 的普通级允许偏差 单位为毫米
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style="width:0.22in;height:0.17999in" />
style="width:0.21318in;height:0.17999in" /> 表8(续) 单位为毫米
style="width:0.37296in;height:0.62247in" />
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表8(续)
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style="width:0.21318in;height:0.17999in" />
style="width:0.2134in;height:0.20673in" /> 表 9
Ⅱ类型材非壁厚尺寸 H 的高精级允许偏差 单位为毫米
style="width:0.37962in;height:0.62246in" />
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表 9 ( 续 )
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style="width:0.21318in;height:0.18163in" />
style="width:0.21318in;height:0.19997in" /> 表9(续) 单位为毫米
style="width:0.38628in;height:0.62071in" />
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表10 Ⅱ类型材非壁厚尺寸 H 的超高精级允许偏差 单位为毫米
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表 1 0 ( 续 )
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style="width:0.2134in;height:0.18675in" /> 表10(续) 单位为毫米
style="width:0.37296in;height:0.6225in" />
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GB/T 14846—2014
图样上标注有角度未标注偏差,且能直接测量的角度,其角度允许偏差应符合表11的规定。需要
高精级或超高精级时,应在订货单(或合同)中注明,且将偏差值标注在图样上,未注明时按普通级供货。
表 1 1 横截面的角度允许偏差
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4.1.4 倒角半径 r 及圆角半径R
4.1.4.1 型材横截面上的倒角(或过渡圆角
及圆角半径R 如图15所示。
style="width:3.76672in;height:2.28008in" />
图 1 5
4.1.4.2 型材图样上标注有倒角半径"r"
字样时,倒角半径 r 应符合表12的规定。不同于表12规定
时,应将倒角半径要求标注在图样上。
表 1 2 横截面倒角半径 r
单位为毫米
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4.1.4.3 型材图样上标注有圆角半径R
值时,圆角半径 R 的允许偏差应符合表13的规定。不同于
表13规定时,应将偏差值标注在图样上。
GB/T 14846—2014
表 1 3 横截面圆角半径R 的允许偏差 单位为毫米
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型材对曲面间隙有要求时,应供需双方协商曲面弧样板,型材曲面间隙应符合表14的规定或在图
样上注明。
表14 允许的曲面间隙 单位为毫米
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型材的平面间隙应符合表15的规定,需要高精级或超高精级时应在图样或订货单(或合同)中注
明,未注明时按普通级供货。
GB/T 14846—2014
表 1 5 允许的平面间隙
单位为毫米
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除 O、TX510
状态外的其他型材,其纵向弯曲度应符合表16的规定,需要高精级或超高精级时应
在图样或订货单(或合同)中注明,未注明时按普通级供货。 O、TX510
状态型材的纵向弯曲度应由供需
双方商定,且在图样或订货单(或合同)中注明。
表16 允许的纵向弯曲度
单位为毫米
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GB/T 14846—2014
除 O、TX510
状态外的其他型材,其纵向波浪度(或硬弯)应符合表17的规定,需要高精级或超高
精级时应在图样或订货单(或合同)中注明,未注明时按普通级供货。 O、TX510
状态型材的纵向波浪度
(或硬弯)应由供需双方商定,并在图样或订货单(或合同)中注明。
表17 允许的纵向波浪度(或硬弯)
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300 mm长度上的
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楔形型材和带圆头的型材,其纵向侧弯度在每米长度上不超过4 mm, 在全长(L
米)上不超过4L
毫米。对其他型材有纵向侧弯度要求时,应供需双方商定,并在图样或订货单(或合同)中注明。
型材的扭拧度应符合表18的规定,需要高精级或超高精级时应在图样或订货单(或合同)中注明,
未注明时按普通级供货。
表18 允许的扭拧度 单位为毫米
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1m~6 m |
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表18(续)
GB/T 14846—2014
单位为毫米
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1 m~6 m |
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1 m~6 m |
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1 m~6 m |
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型材两端的切斜度应符合表19的规定,需要高精级或超高精级时,应在订货单(或合同)中注明,未
注明时按普通级供货。
表19 允许的切斜度
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定尺或以倍尺作为定尺交货的型材,其长度允许偏差为+20 mm。
对于倍尺型材应在订货单(或合
同)中注明因锯口增加的锯口余量(每个锯口的锯口余量为3 mm~5 mm)。
5.1.1 壁厚、非壁厚尺寸 H、 角度、倒角半径及圆角半径
采用相应精度的卡尺、千分尺、R 规等测量工具或专用仪器测量。
如图16所示,将标准弧样板紧贴在型材的曲面上,测量型材曲面与标准弧样板之间的最大间隙值
X, 该值 X
即为型材的最大曲面间隙值。如用仿形规(最大规面为90°所对的弧)测量,当挤压型材的曲
面大于90°对应的弧面时,应将仿形规沿曲面滑动,用这种方法来检查两个或多个90°的曲面。由两个
或多个不同半径组成的挤压曲面,应分别用仿形规检查各个曲面部分。
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:4.9066in;height:3.0866in" />
图 1 6
将型材放在平台上,型材借自重达到稳定时,用100 mm
长的直尺(或刀平尺)沿宽度方向测量型 材平面与直尺间的最大间隙值 F,
如图17所示,该值 F, 即为型材任意100 mm 宽度上的平面间隙;沿
宽度方向测量型材与平台之间的最大间隙值 F, 如图17所示,该值 F
即为型材的平面间隙。
style="width:8.42001in;height:3.94658in" />
图 1 7
将型材放在平台上,借自重达到稳定时,沿型材长度方向测量型材底面与平台间的最大间隙值
h,
如图18所示,该值h, 即为型材的纵向弯曲度。
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:10.35993in;height:4.64002in" />
图18
将型材放在平台上,借自重达到稳定时,将300 mm
长的直尺(或刀平尺)沿型材长度方向靠在型材
的波浪或硬弯处的表面上,测量型材与直尺(或刀平尺)之间的最大间隙值(即波高
h,), 如图18所示,
该值h, 即为型材的纵向波浪度(或硬弯)。
将型材最大的平面放在平台上,借自重达到稳定时,过型材侧面的两端点在平台上画一直线,测量
该直线与型材侧面之间的最大间隙值h。,如图19所示,该值h。即为型材全长纵向侧弯度;将1
m 的直
尺沿型材长度方向靠在型材侧面上,测量型材侧面与直尺之间的最大间隙值hm,
如图19所示,该值h
即为型材的每米纵向侧弯度。
style="width:5.43335in;height:3.92656in" />
图 1 9
将型材置于平台上,并使其一端紧贴平台。型材借自重达到稳定时,测量型材翘起端的两侧端点与
平台间的间隙值 T₁ 和 T₂ , 如图20所示,T₂ 与 T₁ 的差值即为型材的扭拧度。
GB/T 14846—2014
style="width:6.91323in;height:4.8466in" />
图 2 0
采用相应精度的测量工具或专用仪器测量。
更多内容 可以 GB-T 14846-2014 铝及铝合金挤压型材尺寸偏差. 进一步学习